2. DIRECTIONAL

+ directional complement (+ le了)

Stating in which direction the object has been moved or is anticipated to move.

 

2.1       Zuótiān tā bǎ háizi cóng Běijīng dàilai le.  

  昨天她把孩子从北京带来了。

  She brought her child here from Beijing yesterday.

 

2.2       Qǐng bǎ nǐ-de zìxíngchē bānchūqu.  

  请把你的自行车搬出去。

  Please move out your bicycle.

 

2.3       Tā bǎ yǐzi bāndào lóushàng qu le.  

  他把椅子搬到楼上去了。

  He moved the chair upstairs.

 

2.4       Qǐng nǐ bǎ Kělè cóng bīngxiāng-li náchūlai.  

            请你把可乐从冰箱里拿出来。

            Please take the Coke out of the refrigerator.

 

Note: The coverb cóng从with a locative word or phrase points out the object’s original place before its displacement. The cóng从 phrase must be placed after the object and before the verb. It is an adverbial. See examples 2.1 and 2.4. Dào到with a locative word or phrase introduces the new location to which the object has been moved. The dào到 phrase must be placed after the verb. See 2.3. It is a verb complement. The dào到 phrase must follow the verb immediately. When cóng从 and dào到 phrases are used, bǎ把 construction must be used. The following example is ungrammatical.

 

2A.      Tā bān yǐzi dào lóushàng qù le.

            他搬椅子到楼上去了。

            (He moved the chair upstairs.)

 

To point out the original location of the object, follow this pattern:

 

subj. + bǎ把 + obj. + cóng从 + locative word/phrase + verb + directional complement + (le了)

 

 

To point out the new location to which the object has been moved, follow this pattern:

 

subject+bǎ把+object+verb+dào到+locative word/phrase+(lái来/qù去)+(le了)

 

 

To point out both the original place and the destination, follow this pattern:

 

subject + bǎ把 + object + cóng从 + locative word/phrase + verb + dào到 + locative word/phrase + ( lái来/qù去)+( le了)