B. The placement of the object and modal particle le了in the sentence

 

1. If the verb takes an object which refers to a place, the object is inserted into the compound complement. In such a sentence, if the action has already taken place, the modal particle le了is used to indicate that it is an accomplished fact. Le了is placed at the end of the sentence.

 

 

1.1     Lǐ jiā bānhuí Běijīng qu le.  

          李家搬回北京去了。

          The Li family has moved back to Beijing.

 

 

1.2     Liǎng diǎnzhōng yí dào, xuéshēng-men jiù dōu pǎojìn jiàoshì lái le.  

          两点钟一到，学生们就都跑进教室来了。

          As soon as it strikes two o’clock, the students all ran into the classroom.

 

2. If the object refers to something other than a place and it is a generic or indefinite object, it is usually placed after the compound directional complement. The aspect particle –le了 and the modal particle le了are not commonly used in this kind of sentences.

 

 

2.1     Tā náchūlai èrshí kuài qián.  

他拿出来二十块钱。

He took out $20 dollars.

 

 

2.2     Tāmen bānjìnqu yí gè dà xiāngzi.  

          他们搬进去一个大箱子。

           They moved a big crate inside.

 

3. If the object refers to something other than a place and the object has been previously mentioned or is something both the speaker and the listener know, the bǎ把construction is most commonly used to displace the object to the preverbal position and comment on what has happened to the object. If the action is an accomplished fact, the modal particle le了should be used and placed at the end of the sentence.

 

 

3.1     Tā bǎ nèi èrshí kuài qián náchūlai le.  

他把那二十块钱拿出来了。

He took out the $20 dollars.

 

 

3.2     Tāmen bǎ nèi gè dà xiāngzi bānjìnqu le.  

          他们把那个大箱子搬进去了。

           They moved the big crate inside.